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year 11, Issue 1 (2025)
JRA 2025, 11(1): 0-0 |
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Yagoubzadeh H, Hamzavi Y. (2025). Characterization of Mortar and Colored Layers in the Inscription of Tomb of Amin-al-ddin Jibraeil in Kalkhuran, Ardebil. JRA. 11(1), doi:10.61186/jra.11.1.418
URL: http://jra-tabriziau.ir/article-1-418-en.html
URL: http://jra-tabriziau.ir/article-1-418-en.html
1- Restoration Historical and Cultural Properties Department, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2- Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism (RICHT), Tehran, Iran ,y.hamzavi@richt.ir
2- Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism (RICHT), Tehran, Iran ,
Abstract: (162 Views)
There are Safavid inscriptions written by Alireza Abbasi on the dome of the tomb of Amin-al-ddin Jibraeil in Kalkhuran (in Ardebil). Unfortunately, parts of these inscriptions have been destroyed over the past centuries. The text of the inscription is derived from the hadiths of Hazrat Ali (a.s.) in Nahj al-Balagha. In addition to this valuable inscription, the architectural ornaments of this monument include moarraq tiles, monochromatic tiles, moaqali tiles, murals in the porch section, boum-sab ornaments, and gilded laye-chini (pastiglia). For the proper conservation of the work and the necessary restoration interventions, we need technical knowledge of the different layers of the Safavid inscription in this collection. The aim of the present research is to conduct a structural analysis of the various layers of the inscription, including the fine coat (Intonaco), the glossy layer on the inscription, the organic matter beneath the glossy layer, and the blue color of the background. In this regard, samples were taken from the mentioned layers, and studies were conducted using SEM-EDS, optical microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy methods. As a result of the studies, it was found that fast-setting gypsum mortar was used for the fine coat, and the surface finishing operation was performed with a trowel with greater precision and higher quality. Gold leaf was used for the aesthetic enhancement of the writing surface, which was later replaced by copper leaf in subsequent restorations. Due to the surface corrosion of the copper metal, the restored part has become dull, while the original gold part remains bright. Additionally, a study was conducted on the type of adhesive used for the gold leaf. The findings indicated that during the Safavid era, oil (probably bow oil) was used as an adhesive for the gold leaf. Furthermore, studies on the blue color of the background of the inscription revealed that lapis lazuli pigment was used in areas where a dark blue color is observed, while a mixture of lapis lazuli and white lead was used in areas with a lighter blue color.
Technical Note: Original Research |
Subject:
Archaeometry
Received: 2024/06/9 | Accepted: 2025/09/6 | Published: 2025/10/29 | ePublished: 2025/10/29
Received: 2024/06/9 | Accepted: 2025/09/6 | Published: 2025/10/29 | ePublished: 2025/10/29
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