year 7, Issue 2 (2021)
JRA 2021, 7(2): 159-182 |
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Zabihi M, Sohrabi M, Talebian M H, Nortaghani A. A Review of Biodeterioration in Iranian Historical Monuments with Emphasis on Porous Architectural Materials. JRA 2021; 7 (2) :159-182
URL: http://jra-tabriziau.ir/article-1-290-en.html
URL: http://jra-tabriziau.ir/article-1-290-en.html
1- Iranian Research Organization for Scientific and Technology, The Museum of Iranian Lichens, Tehran, Iran
2- Iranian Research Organization for Scientific and Technology, The Museum of Iranian Lichens, Tehran, Iran , sohrabi@irost.org
3- Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4- Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
2- Iranian Research Organization for Scientific and Technology, The Museum of Iranian Lichens, Tehran, Iran , sohrabi@irost.org
3- Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4- Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
Abstract: (1491 Views)
Iran is known as one of the top 10 countries in this field with its various historical-artistic works made of stone and brick. It is the historical monuments that determine the antiquity, history, and civilization of each land. Physical, chemical, and biological factors in co-operation, from coexistence to antagonism, cause biodeterioration. The biodeterioration of historical monuments and art in countries with ancient history and having historical buildings has been considered by many scientists. Any adverse change in the properties of materials that occurs through the vital activities of living organisms is called biodeterioration. Living organisms that can cause biodeterioration are known as biodeteriogens. These factors cause biodeterioration by forming biofilms on surfaces. Substances that are altered and degraded by the activities of organisms are divided into two categories: organic and inorganic. The development of specific biological species in specific structural materials is determined by the nature and properties of the materials (mineral composition, pH, relative percentage of different minerals, salinity, moisture, and texture). It also depends on specific environmental factors (e.g. temperature, relative humidity - RH, light conditions, oxygen, nitrogen, level of atmospheric pollution, wind, and rainfall). In this article, the biodeterioration factors of historical-artistic works made of porous materials in Iran have been studied to evaluate the factors affecting the activity of organisms and their reproduction on historical-artistic works and to understand the mechanisms related to biodeterioration and design appropriate solutions for use protection and repair.
Technical Note: Review |
Subject:
Conservation Science
Received: 2021/09/21 | Accepted: 2021/12/21 | Published: 2021/12/25 | ePublished: 2021/12/25
Received: 2021/09/21 | Accepted: 2021/12/21 | Published: 2021/12/25 | ePublished: 2021/12/25
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