1. Alavéz-Ramírez., R, Montes-García, P., Martínez-Reyes, J., Altami-rano-Juárez, D. C., & Gochi-Ponce, Y. (2012). The use of sugarcane bagasse ash and lime to improve the durability and mechanical properties of compacted soil blocks. Construction and Building Materials, 34, 296-305. [
DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.072]
2. Ascensao, G., Pereira, J., Fonseca, J., Costa, A., Ferreira, V. M., & Paiva, H. (2025). Reviving heritage with contemporary solutions for adobe wall rehabilitation. Construction and Building Materials, 458, 139557. [
DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139557]
3. Bater M, Serajii F. (2022). Studies on the Body Structure of the Islaim Period Slip-painted Pottery Shards of Sistan. JRA. 8(2), 47-64. [in Persian]
4. Bater, M. and Serajii, F. (2023). Identification of the Chemical Com-position of the Slip Coating and the Colors Used in Some Slip-painted Pottery from the Sistan Region. Journal of Studies in Color World, 13(3), 269-282. [in Persian]
5. Bater M, Ahmadi H, Abedi Koupai J, Emadi R. The Effect of Curing Time on Compressive and Tensile Strength of Traditional Kahgel. Journal of Housing and Rural Environment. 2017 Jun 10;36(157):69-86. [in Persian]
6. Behboodi, N., & Zohreh, . (2020). Investigating the Architectural Ad-aptation of the Kharkhaneh Chamber of Machi Castle (Safavid Period) ... Iranian Archaeological Research Journal, 10(24), 187-205.
7. Calatan, Gabriela, G., Hegyi, A., Dico, C., & Mircea, C. (2016). De-termining the Optimum Addition of Vegetable Materials in Adobe Bricks. Procedia Technology, 22, 259-265. [
DOI:10.1016/j.protcy.2016.01.077]
8. Corrêa, Andréa Aparecida Ribeiro, Lourival Marin Mendes, Normando Perazzo Barbosa, Thiago de Paula Protásio, Nathalia de Aguiar Campos, & Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli. (2015). Incorpora-tion of bamboo particles and "synthetic termite saliva" in adobes. Construction and Building Materials, 98, 250-256. [
DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.06.009]
9. Charola, A. E. (2000). Salts in the deterioration of porous materials: An overview. Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, 39(3), 327-343. [
DOI:10.1179/019713600806113176]
10. Charola, A. E., Pühringer, J., & Steiger, M. (2007). Gypsum: A review of its role in the deterioration of building materials. Environmental Gology, 52(2), 339-352 [
DOI:10.1007/s00254-006-0566-9]
11. Davtalab, J. (2021). A Study of the Architecture and Urban … (Daha-neh-e Gholaman). Journal of Sistan and Baluchistan Studies.
12. Demay, L., Péan, S., & Patou-Mathis, M. (2012). "Mammoths used as food and building resources by Neanderthals: Zooarchaeological study applied to layer 4, Molodova I (Ukraine)", Quaternary In-ternational, 276, 212-226. [
DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.11.019]
13. Doat, P., Hays, A., Houben, H., Matuk, S., & Vitoux, F. (1990). Con-struire en terre. Paris: Éditions Alternatives
14. Eftekhari, N., Holakooei, P., Sayyadshahri, H., & Vaccaro, C. (2018). Four shades of black: Non-invasive scientific studies on the painted potteries from Shahr-i Sokhta, eastern Iran. Journal of Archaeo-logical Science: Reports, 22, 100-107. [
DOI:10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.09.012]
15. Eires, R., Aires Camões, & Said Jalali (2013). Earth architecture: ancient and new methods for durability improvement. ICSA2013-2nd In-ternational Conference on Structures and Architecture. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, 962-970.
16. El-Mahllawy, Medhat S., and Ayman M. Kandeel. (2014). Engineering and mineralogical characteristics of stabilized unfired montmoril-lonitic clay bricks. HBRC Journal, 10)1(, 82-91. [
DOI:10.1016/j.hbrcj.2013.08.009]
17. Farnow, B. (2005). The origins of culture, civilization, and art in ancient Mesopotamia (1st ed.). Sureh Mehr, Tehran. [in Persian]
18. Gardner, H. (2008). Art through the ages (M. T. Foramarzi, Trans.; 9th ed.). Agah va Negah, Tehran. [in Persian]
19. Hejazi M, Hashemi M, Jamalinia E, Batavani M. (2015). Effect of Ad-ditives on Mechanical Strengths of Adobe Made From Soils of Is-fahan. Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 34 (151), 67-80
20. Houben, Hugo; Guillaud, Hubert. (1994). Earth Construction: A Comprehensive Guide, Intermediate technology Publications, London.
21. Ghanimati, S. (2000). New Perspectives on the Chronological and Functional Horizons of Kuh-e Khwaja in Sistan. Iran, 38, 137-150 [
DOI:10.2307/4300589]
22. Goudie, A. S., & Viles, H. A. (1997). Salt weathering hazards. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. [
DOI:10.1007/978-94-011-5228-0_6]
23. Hall, M., & Djerbib, Y. (2004). Rammed earth construction. London: BRE Press.
24. Hadian Dekordi. M (2016). Soil studies of historical and ancient mud-brick materials in various regions of Iran. Athar Quarterly, 37(75), 85-96. in Persian]
25. Hajirasouliha B, Kiani-DehKiani G, Heidari D, Emami M. (2024). Analysis of the Effect of Soil Properties on the Mechanical Re-sistance of Historical Mud-Bricks of Yazd. JRA. 10(1), 145-166.
26. Heathcote, K. (2011). Durability of earthwall buildings. London: Routledge.
27. Houben, H., & Guillaud, H. (1994). Earth construction: A comprehen-sive guide. London: Intermediate Technology Publications. [
DOI:10.3362/9781780444826]
28. Majidzadeh, Y. (1997). History and civilization of Mesopotamia, Volume 1: Political history. Markaz-e Nashr-e Daneshgahi, Tehran. [in Per-sian]
29. Masoumi, G. R. (2004). History of archaeology. Samt, Tehran. [in Per-sian]
30. Malek Shahmirzadi, S. (2011). Mesopotamia in prehistory. Sohban Noor va Ganjineh-ye Naqsh-e Jahan, Tehran. [in Persian]
31. Mousavi Haji, S. R. (2009). Zahedan-e kohne the abandoned city in sistan. Paazh Publishing, Mashhad.[in Persian]
32. Mousavi haji. S.R, Mehrafarin. R. and Alaei Moghadam, J. Review the Environmental Characteristics of Historical City of Zahedan-e-Kohne. J Geography and Development. 2011: 79-96. [in Persian]
33. Minke, G. (2012). Building with earth: Design and technology of a sustainable architecture. Basel: Birkhäuser. [
DOI:10.1515/9783034608725]
34. Miri, N. K., Sarhaddi-Dadian, H., Bahramzadeh, K., & Hashemi-Baghi, M. (2020). Comparison of vulnerability conditions of adobes' structure-the study of historical and restored adobes of Kooh-e Khajeh ancient site (Kohan Dezh castle) in Sistan, Iran. Iran, Ma-teriale și Cercetări Arheologice, 15, 267-278. [
DOI:10.3406/mcarh.2020.2140]
35. Miqueleiz, L; Ramirez, F; Oti, J.E; Seco, A; Kinuthia, J.M; Oreja, I & Urmeneta, P. (2013). Alumina filler waste as clay replacement material for unfired brick production. Engineering Geology, 163, 68-74. [
DOI:10.1016/j.enggeo.2013.05.006]
36. Moradi, H. (2020). Architectural Style and Technique in Prehistoric Sistan: Sustainable Patterns in Shahr-i Sokhta Architecture from Early 3rd Millennium to the Beginning of the 2nd Millennium BC. Ash-Sharq: Bulletin of the Ancient Near East - Archaeological, Historical and Societal Studies, 4, 57-89.
37. Mousavi Haji, S. R. (2009). Zahedan-e Kohne: The abandoned city in Sistan [Book in Persian]. Mashhad, Iran: Paazh Publications.
38. Nwankwor, N. A. (2011). Justification for the Combination of Organic and Inorganic Stabilizers to Stabilize Traditional Earth Materials (Mud) for Quality and Capacity Utilization in Africa. In Terra 2008: The 10th International Conference on the Study and Conservation of Earthen Architectural Heritage, Getty Publications, 239-246.
39. Parchebaf motlagh, F. , Alemi, B. and sadeghpour, A. H. (2024). The study of the Characteristics of Clay in Four Historical Monuments in Kashan. Soffeh, 34(4), 107-137. doi: 10.48308/soffeh.2024.105153. [in Persian]
40. Perrot, J., Le Brun, A., & Labrousse, A. (1971). "Recherches ar-chéologiques à Suse et en Susiane en 1969 et en 1970", Syria 48, 21-51. [
DOI:10.3406/syria.1971.6232]
41. Perrot, J. (1981). "L'architecture militaire et palatiale des Achéménides à Suse", in 150 Jahre Deutsches Archäologisches Institut 1829-1979, Internationales Kolloquium, and Mainz: Neue Ergebnisse archäologischer Stadtforschung, 79-94.
42. Pedram B, Ebrahimi A. (2017). Structural and Physical Characteristics of the Adobe Bricks Used at the World Heritage Site of Arg-e Bam. JRA. 3(2), 81-102. [in Persian] [
DOI:10.29252/jra.3.2.81]
43. Rahimnia, R & Heidari Bani, D. (2011). The Effect of Plasticity Index (PI) on the Tensile and Compressive Strength of Cement-Stabilized Adobes for Conservation of Adobe Structures. Journal of conser-vation studies and cultural sites research, 1 (2), 91-102.
44. Sharma, Vandna, Hemant K. Vinayak, and Bhanu M. Marwaha (2015). Enhancing sustainability of rural adobe houses of hills by addition of vernacular fiber reinforcement. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 4(2), 348-358. [
DOI:10.1016/j.ijsbe.2015.07.002]
45. Stronach, D., Roaf, M., & London British Institute of Persian Studies. (2007). Nush-i Jan. 1. The major buildings of the Median settlement. Peeters, London.
46. Tate, G. P. (1977). Seistan: A memoir on the history, topography, ruins, and people of the country.
47. Torraca, G. (2009). Lectures on materials science for architectural con-servation. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute.
48. Tohidi M. (2004). Argnameh: Aperspective on the Bam Citadel in the historical context. Kerman Studies Center. [in Persian]
49. [in Persian]
50. Walker, P. (1979). Strength and erosion characteristics of earth blocks and earth block masonry. Oxford: Oxford Polytechnic.
51. Wons, W., Kłosek-Wawrzyn, E., & Rzepa, K. (2025). Corrosion of porous building ceramics caused by double sulphate salt. Materials, 18(5), Article 1041 [
DOI:10.3390/ma18051041]
52. Zhang, J; Chen, W; Li, Z; Wang, X; Guo, Q & Wang, N. (2015). Study on workability and durability of calcined ginger nuts-based grouts used in anchoring conservation of earthen sites. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 16, 831-837. [
DOI:10.1016/j.culher.2015.02.007]
53. Zakavi S, Ebrahimi A. (2023). Provenance studies of the clay used in mudbricks from Chogha- Zanbil, Elmite period, on optimization ofmudbricks applied in conservation. JRA. 9(2), 173-191. [in Persian]