Traces of Indigenous Buff Pottery Industry of Shahr-I Sokhta; Using Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Elements XRF - Journal of Research on Archaeometry
------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------
year 1, Issue 1 (2015)                   JRA 2015, 1(1): 47-54 | Back to browse issues page

XML Persian Abstract Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Sarhadi Dadiyan H, Pourzarghan V, Moradi H, Razani M. Traces of Indigenous Buff Pottery Industry of Shahr-I Sokhta; Using Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Elements XRF. JRA 2015; 1 (1) :47-54
URL: http://jra-tabriziau.ir/article-1-30-en.html
Traces of Indigenous Buff Pottery Industry of Shahr-I Sokhta; Using Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Elements XRF
Hossein Sarhadi Dadiyan * 1, Vahid Pourzarghan2 , Hosein Moradi3 , Mehdi Razani4
1- University of Zabol , hossein.sarhaddi@gmail.com
2- University of Zabol
3- University of Tehran
4- Art University of Isfahan
Abstract:   (7689 Views)

Shahr-I Sokhta is a historical settlement in south-eastern of Iran in the province of sistan-baluchestan, where the first settlement history goes back to 3200 BC. The results of excavations show four cultural-settlement period (I-IV) in this city that is divided into 11 phases. Period (II) goes back to 2500-2800 BC. The history of period (III) is equivalent to 2300-2500 BC, and history of period (IV) is suggested between 1750 and 1800 BC. This archaeological site is located 57 km from Zabol-Zahedan road. This site is registered as seventeenth heritage of Iran in UNESCO. One of the prominent features of this archaeological area is the existence of a lot of pottery shards on the surface of hills. Most of these pottery shards are buff color and have extensive domain from light buff to brick and greenish. Also, red and grey potteries have put in the next classification which the number of them is so little. Archaeological excavations carried out in this site pulled out thousands of pottery shards from the soil that are mostly buff-colored pastes. Also, among the pottery remnants of this 150 hectare site, clay pottery with red and gray paste have been seen. Archaeologists believe that most of the buff pottery shards are locally made. Hence, to determine whether this hypothesis is true, a scientific analysis was done to determine the chemical compositions of the pottery shards. In this paper, 15 pottery sample have been selected which all of them belong to settlement period II-III and goes back to 2200-2800 BC. The samples was tested using instrument analysis XRF to determine the major and trace elements of these potteries. The results analyzed using hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) to specify pieces of pottery in two group local and nonnative. The results show that most of pottery is locating in a specific group with name of production group, where the samples no. 18259-9, 18265-10, 18266-13, 18273-4, 18271-15 are not locally made and located in another group. Based on the instrumental results, red and grey pottery are not related to Shahr-I Sokhta and probably these potteries are imported from another place.

Keywords: Shahr-i Sokhta, Buff Pottery, XRF, HCA, Local production, Import
Full-Text [PDF 464 kb]   (2900 Downloads)    
Technical Note: Original Research | Subject: Archaeometry
Received: 2015/04/21 | Accepted: 2015/08/16 | Published: 2015/09/23 | ePublished: 2015/09/23
References
1. Piperno, M., & Tosi, M. (1975). The Graveyard of Shahr-i Sokhta Iran.Archaeology, 186-197. Ramli, Z., Nik Abdul Rahman, N., & Samian, A. (2010-a). X-ray fluorescent analysis on Indo-Pa-cific glass beads from Sungai Mas archaeological sites, Kedah, Malaysia. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 287(3), 741-747.
2. Ramli, Z., Rahman, N. A., Shuhaimi, N. H., Jusoh, A., & Hussein, M. (2012). Compositional analysis on ancient bricks from Candi Sungai Mas (Site 32/34), Bujang Valley, Kedah. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 9 (2), 196-201. [DOI:10.3844/ajassp.2012.196.201]
3. Ramli, Z., Rahman, N. H. A., Jusoh, A., & Sauman, Y. (2011-b). X-Ray Diffraction and X-Ray Fluorescent Analyses of Prehistoric Pottery Shards from Ulu Kelantan. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(12), 1337. [DOI:10.3844/ajassp.2011.1337.1342]
4. Ramli, Z., Rahman, N. H. S. N. A., Samian, A. L., & Yanno, M. A. (2011). Scientific analysis of ancient bricks at Bukit Pendiat temple (Site 17) and Pengkalan Bujang temple (Site 23). Research Journal of Applied Sciences,6(7), 473-478. [DOI:10.3923/rjasci.2011.473.478]
5. Sajjadi, S. M. S., Foruzanfar, F., Shirazi, R., & Baghestani, S. (2003). Excavations at Shahr-i Sokhta. First Preliminary Report on the Excavations of the Graveyard, 1997-2000. Iran, 21-97.
6. Sajjadi, S.M.S. and H. Moradi. (2014). Excavation at Buildings Nos.1 and 20 at Shahr-i-Sokhta, International Journal of the Society of Iranian Archaeologists, Vol. 1, No.1, pp. 77-90.
7. Salvatori, S & M. Tosi. (2005). Shahr-i Sokhta Revised Sequence. In C. Jarrige and V. Lefèvre, (eds.) South Asian Archaeology 2001: 281–292, Editions Recherches sur les Civilisations, Paris.
8. Salvatori, S. and M. Vidale,. (1997). Sokhta 1975-1978: Central Quarters Excavations, preliminary report. Roma: Instituto italiano per l\'Africa e l\'Ori-ente, IsIAO.
9. Salvatori, S., & Tosi, M. (2001). Shahr-i Sokhta revised sequence. South Asian Archaeology, 1, 281-292.
10. Sarhadi-Dadian, H. Ramli, Z. Nik Abdul Rahman, N & Mehrafarin, R. (2015), X-Ray Differaction and X-Ray Flurescence Analysis of Pottery Shards from New Archaeological Survey in South Region of Sistan,Iran. Mediterranean Ar-chaeology and Archaeometry. Vol 5. NO 3.pp. 45-56.
11. Sarianidi, V. I. (1983). The Pottery of Shahr-i Sokhta I and its Southern Turkmenian Connec-tions. Prehistoric Sistan I, In: Tosi, M. (ed.), Pre-historic Sistan 1, IsMEO, Rome 183-198.
12. Stuart, B. H. (2007). Analytical techniques in materials conservation. John Wiley & Sons. [DOI:10.1002/9780470060520]
13. Tosi, M. (1984). The notion of craft specialization and its representation in the archaeological record of early states in the Turanian Basin. Marxist perspectives in archaeology, 22-52.
14. Tosi, M. (Ed.). (1983). Prehistoric Sistan. IsMEO.
15. Tosi, M., (1973),The cultural Sequence of Shahr I Sokhta. Bull. Asia Instit. Pahlavi Univ., 3: 64-80.
16. Vidale, M., & Tosi, M. (1996). The development of wheel throwing at Shahr-i Sokhta slow and fast revolutions towards statehood. East and West, 46(3-4):, 251-269.
17. Wong, E. H., Petrie, C. A., & Fazeli, H. (2010). Cheshmeh Ali Ware: A Petrographic and Geo-chemical Study of A Transitional Chalcolithic Period Ceramic Industry on The Northern Central Plateau of Iran. Iran, 47: 11-26.
Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2024 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Journal of Research on Archaeometry

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb