Journal of Research on Archaeometry
پژوهه باستان سنجی
JRA
Literature & Humanities
http://jra-tabriziau.ir
1
admin
2476-4647
2476-4639
10.52547/jra
8475
-
-
fa
jalali
1397
3
1
gregorian
2018
6
1
4
1
online
1
fulltext
fa
تحلیل ژئوماتیک محوطههای باستانشناختی دوره اسلامی بستانآباد، آذربایجان شرقی
A Geomatic Approach to the Study of Islamic Archaeological Sites, Bostan-Abad, Eastern Azerbaijan, Iran
باستان سنجی
Archaeometry
پژوهشي
Original Research
<div style="text-align: justify;">هدف از این تحقیق شناخت عوامل و مولفه‏ های تاثیرگذار در مکان یابی و شکل‏ گیری سکونتگاه ‏های منسوب به دوران اسلامی بستانآباد است. برای این منظور 226 محوطه دارای آثار فرهنگی دورۀ اسلامی در منطقه‏ ای به مساحت 22795km‏ حاصل از بررسی باستان‏ شناسی در شهرستان بستان‏ آباد واقع در استان آذربایجان شرقی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. برای تحلیل و تفسیر‏های فرهنگی از محوطه ‏ها نسبت به متغیرهای محیطی فاصله از رودهای دائمی، ارتفاع، میزان بارندگی، اقلیم، پوشش گیاهی، شیب، وسعت محوطه‏ ها و فاصله با روستاها از نرم‏افزارهای GIS و SPSS استفاده شده است. نتایج به دست آمده در این بحث نشان از وجود الگوی توزیع محوطه‏ ها و عوامل مؤثر در شکل‏ گیری آن‏ها در چهار خوشه متجانس است، به گونه‏ ای که فواصل محوطه‏ ها و موقعیت آنها به لحاظ شرایط زیست محیطی نسبت به یکدیگر در هر خوشه با خوشۀ دیگر الگوی معیشتی متفاوتی را نشان می‏دهد. با تحلیل خوشه‏ ها می توان الگوی استقرار منطقه را به لحاظ بومشناختی فرهنگی چنین مورد ارزیابی قرار داد؛ محوطه‏ های واقع در دشت‏ ها و ارتفاعات پایین با قرار گرفتن در اقلیم نیمه مرطوب و مجاورت منابع آب دائمی استقرارهای یکجانشین با مساحت بالا و اقتصاد معیشتی وابسته به کشاورزی دیم و آبی را تشکیل داده‏اند و محوطه ‏های واقع در حاشیه دشت‏ها و دامنۀ کوهستان‏ها با داشتن مساحت پایین و با قرار گرفتن در مراتع غنی ارتفاعات، مستعد زندگی کوچروی بر پایه اقتصاد معیشتی وابسته به دامداری هستند و در این میان استقرارهایی در ارتفاعات با شیب کم و مساحت نسبتاً بالا پراکنش یافته است که به احتمال زیاد مریوط به کوچروهایی با جمعیت انسانی زیاد است که در فصول گرم سال به منظور بهره برداری از مراتع دیم برای دامداری در این مکان‏ ها ساکن شده ‏اند.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The research is dedicated to recognize most effective attributes and main factors in locating and distribution of Islamic settlements of Bostan Abad plain, East Azerbaijan. The data under study is composed of 226 sites containing archaeological remains of Islamic period, resulted from three seasons of archaeological surveys covering 279km2 of the plain. The Geomatics is a culculatory, analytic approach for making predictive geographical models about the interaction of archaeological sites with their surrounding environment, aimed at explaining characteristic environmental factors and attributes contributing in decision making of settlement location and distribution along a geographical zone. As every geographic region is made of different ecological zones, it has been possible for human beings to make different transactions with each of them and in doing so, constructing a distinct settlemental, subsistence system, culturally adapted to affectively cope with the limitations and potentialities of every different ecological zone. A geographic information investigation of archaeological sites distributions in a given region by means of some analytic tools such as site buffering with different environmental attributes, site catchment analysis and so on could help in building some precise practical models by using of which it would be possible to to decide more accurately the kind of every archaeological settlement remains in terms of its potentiality of supporting which kind of subsistence system. The analysis of settlement correlations with the surrounding environment has done on the basis of attributes including permanent streams, height above the sea, precipitation, climate, vegetation, slope, the area of sites, and their buffering related to today settlements, using GIS and SPSS-related methods of analysis. The results show existence of a kind of settlement patterning of distribution, according to which it is possible to categorize settlements in three separate clusters. On the one cluster, settlements located in plains as well as lowlands in vicinity of permanent streams had heighest area among the whole settlements, suitable for village living and agriculture; on another cluster, settlements located in the marginal zones of the plain with much lesser in area and vicinity to pasturelands might be evidence of a kind of village-based pastoralism. Yet, the third kind of cluster is containing settlements located in higher latitude with much more in area in comparison with the second cluste, suitable for fully nomadic pasturalist’s settling during summers. The study showed that the investigated region can offer different subsistence possibility to build up along with the effort dedicated by communities settled it during different times of Islamic period. It is interesting while somehow predictable that there is and according to GIS-based models resulted from the study that the region has been very poor in providing an appropriate ground necessary for human cummunities to develop higher forms of settlemental, organizational and cultural developments, even during later parts of Islamic period. Accordingly the results also indicated that at least this part of northwestern Iran has not had any internal capacity necessary for higher levels of social as well as settlemental hierarchies to be formed organically, making every kind of higher than village life styles of the region a product of external, governmental developmental effords of recent years.</div>
بستانآباد, استقرار, اسلامی, ژئوماتیک, GIS
Bostanabad, Settlement, Islamic, Geomatics, GIS
1
21
http://jra-tabriziau.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-110-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Javid
Soltani
جاوید
سلطانی
javid.soltani.archaeom@gmail.com
10031947532846003495
10031947532846003495
No
Tabriz Islamic Art University
دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز
Vahid
Askarpour
وحید
عسکرپور
v.askarpour@tabriziau.ac.ir
10031947532846003496
10031947532846003496
Yes
Tabriz Islamic Art University
دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز
Rahim
Velayati
رحیم
ولایتی
velayati@ut.ac.ir
10031947532846003497
10031947532846003497
No
University of Tehran
دانشگاه تهران