year 7, Issue 2 (2021)
JRA 2021, 7(2): 17-35 |
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Mohaddeseh Hosseini Someah1 
, Mehrnaz Azadi Boyaghchi 
2, Kambiz Pourtahmasi3 , Maryam Afsharpour4 , Samad Nejad Ebrahimi5
, Mehrnaz Azadi Boyaghchi 2, Kambiz Pourtahmasi3 , Maryam Afsharpour4 , Samad Nejad Ebrahimi5
1- Faculty of Conservation and Restoration, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2- Faculty of Conservation and Restoration, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran , m.azadi@aui.ac.ir
3- Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran
4- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Tehran, Iran
5- Phytochemistry Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2- Faculty of Conservation and Restoration, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran , m.azadi@aui.ac.ir
3- Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran
4- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Tehran, Iran
5- Phytochemistry Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (1376 Views)
The raw and building material in historical papers are plant fibers that are into the category of non-woody or dicotyledonous plants. There are few sources that have mentioned these plants in Iran in different historical periods or even mentioned them in paper making. This research aims to find the types of historical paper fibers in the manuscripts available in the Malek National Library and Museum, which belong to the 5th, 7th to 12th centuries AH. Identify and adapt their structure to the fibers of current non-woody plants, which are most frequently referenced in library historical sources. To achieve this goal, laboratory methods based on microscopic examinations and Microchemical reagents (standard 9718 for paper fibers and Franklin method for plant fibers) were used. The results show that the main primary and structural compounds used in the study papers are the bast fibers of flax and hemp fibers, which have been used separately or in combination with cotton fibers. Because paper-making processes affect the morphology of the fibers, the presence of associated cells such as parenchyma, calcium oxalate crystals, etc. in the pulp of historical paper plays an important role in the correct identification of paper fibers. Although the presence of kenaf fibers in papermaking has been mentioned in some historical sources, it was not observed in the study samples in this research.
Keywords: Non-Woody Plants, Flax Plant, Hemp Plant, Kenaf Plant, Cotton Plant, Paper Fibers, Manuscripts
Technical Note: Original Research |
Subject:
Archaeometry
Received: 2021/08/16 | Accepted: 2021/12/21 | Published: 2021/12/25 | ePublished: 2021/12/25
Received: 2021/08/16 | Accepted: 2021/12/21 | Published: 2021/12/25 | ePublished: 2021/12/25
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